What is the primary treatment for malignant hyperthermia?

The primary treatment for malignant hyperthermia involves stopping the administration of triggering anesthetic agents immediately. Malignant hyperthermia is a life-threatening condition usually precipitated by certain volatile anesthetics or succinylcholine, leading to a rapid increase in body temperature and hypermetabolism. The cessation of the triggering agents is crucial as it prevents further exacerbation of the hypermetabolic state.

Stopping the anesthetic use allows the patient's body to clear the triggering substances, which is essential for reversing the cascade of physiological changes. This action helps in halting the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells, which is responsible for the increased muscle contraction and heat production that characterizes malignant hyperthermia.

Other supportive measures may include administering dantrolene to directly counteract the muscle rigidity and hypermetabolic state, but immediate discontinuation of the causative agents is the first and foremost step in managing this emergency.