What is the primary treatment strategy for a pulmonary embolism?

The primary treatment strategy for a pulmonary embolism focuses on the use of anticoagulation and oxygen supplementation. Anticoagulation is critical as it helps to prevent the formation of new clots and reduces the risk of further complications. This is usually initiated with medications such as heparin or low molecular weight heparin, followed by oral anticoagulants like warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants for long-term management.

Oxygen supplementation is integral in cases where the patient experiences hypoxemia due to impaired gas exchange in the lungs caused by the embolism. It helps stabilize the patient's oxygen levels and addresses immediate respiratory distress while other treatments take effect.

Other treatment modalities, such as thrombolysis or surgical interventions, may be considered in severe cases or when the patient's condition is life-threatening, but they are not the primary treatments in most instances of pulmonary embolism. High-dose steroids and antibiotic therapy are not appropriate as they address entirely different conditions and do not treat the underlying issue of a pulmonary embolism.