What is the first-line treatment for Crohn's disease?

The first-line treatment for Crohn's disease is 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) drugs. These medications, such as mesalamine, are anti-inflammatory agents that have been shown to be effective in managing mild to moderate cases of Crohn's disease, especially when the inflammation involves the colon. They work by reducing inflammation in the gut, which helps alleviate symptoms and maintain remission.

5-ASA drugs are preferred in the initial treatment approach due to their safety profile and efficacy for patients with localized colonic involvement. They can be administered orally or rectally, depending on the location of the disease. While other therapies, including immunosuppressants and biologics, may be necessary for patients with more severe or refractory disease, 5-ASA drugs remain the cornerstone of pharmacotherapy to begin with. Surgical intervention is typically reserved for complications or cases where medical therapy fails, thus not serving as a first-line treatment.