What is a hydrocele?

A hydrocele is defined as a collection of fluid within the tunica vaginalis, which is the membranous sac that surrounds the testis. This condition is characterized by an accumulation of serous fluid, leading to swelling in the scrotum. It commonly occurs in newborns due to a failure of the processus vaginalis to close, allowing fluid to accumulate. In adults, it can occur due to factors such as inflammation, trauma, or other underlying medical conditions. The presentation of a hydrocele is typically a painless, smooth, and fluctuating scrotal mass that can be transilluminated with a light source, confirming the presence of fluid.

The other options involve different conditions: an infection of the epididymis pertains to epididymitis, while testicular torsion involves twisting of the spermatic cord, cutting off blood supply. A rupture of the testicle generally refers to traumatic injury to the testis leading to bleeding and swelling, which are all distinctly different from the accumulation of fluid seen in a hydrocele.