What is a common complication of carotid endarterectomy?

A common complication of carotid endarterectomy is damage to multiple nerves, especially given the proximity of the carotid artery to various critical structures in the neck. This surgical procedure involves removing atherosclerotic plaque from the carotid arteries, which can potentially put nearby nerves at risk during manipulation or retraction.

The facial nerve and the hypoglossal nerve can be particularly vulnerable. Injury to these nerves can result in a range of complications, such as weakness in facial expression or difficulties with tongue movements. Awareness of this risk is essential for surgeons performing the procedure, as nerve monitoring techniques can sometimes be employed to minimize the chance of injury.

While infections at the surgical site, excessive bleeding, and stroke during the procedure are known complications of carotid endarterectomy, the incidence of nerve damage is notably significant and can lead to lasting consequences, impacting the patient's quality of life and necessitating further interventions in some cases.