What are common indications for splenectomy?

Splenectomy, the surgical removal of the spleen, is indicated in various clinical scenarios, primarily when the spleen is either diseased or poses a threat to the patient's health. The correct response highlights that common indications for splenectomy include malignant disease, certain types of anemia, and thrombocytopenia caused by immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP).

Malignant diseases such as certain lymphomas or leukemias may necessitate splenectomy either to remove the affected organ or as part of broader cancer treatment. Certain anemias, notably hereditary spherocytosis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia, can lead to increased destruction of red blood cells in the spleen, prompting the need for its removal. In cases of thrombocytopenia due to ITP or TTP, splenectomy can help increase platelet counts, as the spleen is involved in the destruction of platelets.

Other options presented are limited in scope. Traumatic splenic injuries indeed may require splenectomy, but this is just one of several indications. Chronic liver disease and hypertension do not typically warrant splenectomy as a primary procedure. Lastly, while a rupt